Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) enables communication between independent systems and is also known as the Internet Protocol.
What is the Border Gateway Protocol and what role does it play in the world of computer networks?
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a protocol that enables communication between independent systems and is also known as the Internet Protocol. While protocols such as OSPF and IS-IS impose a limit on the number of routers in a given area, BGP does not have this limit because it does not require two routers to communicate directly with each other in a network.
BGP consists of several independent systems and is used by routers at the edge of the network. This routing protocol is based on route vectors and can manage the process of sending information packets in a communication network through special BGP messages that are sent between routers during TCP sessions. This makes it perform well in the field of routing, as it uses various criteria to choose the best path. However, an important factor that has made this protocol popular is its tunability.
Purchasing BGP protocol from the world’s largest data centers
BGP index features
Expandability
BGP is a protocol designed to overcome the problem of IGP sub-protocols and can perform the routing process in relation to paths well. BGP is not limited to the Internet and is used in urban or intercity projects.
Independent autonomous systems
BGP is very flexible, so it can be used with IGP protocols (OSPFE, EIGRP, and similar examples). You can use IGP protocols in internal centers and BGP at the city or country scale for routing.
Routing based on defined policies
Network administrators can use their own routing policies instead of the default settings. This approach has a direct impact on reducing costs, especially when the cheapest and shortest path is to be chosen.
Weight
Weight is a special characteristic of routers. This means that each router has its own weight. If a router has different routes for a route, it chooses the route that has the highest weight. The route that has the highest weight in IP Routing is chosen.
Multi-output discriminator
The Multi-Output Discriminator (MED), which some sources use the term Metric to describe, is used to select the best path for the external autonomous system. It is important to note that MEDs are distributed within a local autonomous system.
AS_path attribute
When the routing table traverses an autonomous system, the AS number is actually added to a custom list of autonomous system numbers associated with the routing table.
Local priority
The Local Preference attribute is used to select the exit point of the Local Autonomous System (Local AS). Unlike the Weight attribute, the Local Preference attribute is not unique within the Local Autonomous System and is available in a distributed manner.
Origin characteristic
How BGP learned about a particular route. Origin has three values: IGP: Indicates the internal route to the originating autonomous system. EGP: The route is found from the EGP external gateway protocol. Incomplete: Indicates that the origin of the route is unknown or was obtained by undefined methods.
Next-Hop feature
The IP address is the connection between the peers. In connection with the iBGP protocol, the next address is passed to the local autonomous system. eBGP peering is a key feature of the BGP protocol on the Internet. eBGP manages the process of exchanging network prefixes between autonomous systems.
Community feature
The method used to group destinations is called a Community. In this case, routing decisions are made in a simpler way. Route maps are used to set the Community attribute. This attribute has a number of predefined settings as follows:
۱٫ no-export : This route should not be advertised to eGBP peers.
۲٫ no-advertise : This route should not be advertised to any peers.
۳٫ internet : This route should be advertised to the Internet Community, because all routes belonging to external networks ultimately connect to the Internet.
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