{"id":15585,"date":"2024-05-11T22:46:47","date_gmt":"2024-05-11T19:16:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/?p=15585"},"modified":"2024-05-11T22:46:47","modified_gmt":"2024-05-11T19:16:47","slug":"history-of-programming-languages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/tr\/tutorials\/history-of-programming-languages\/","title":{"rendered":"Programlama dillerinin tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"

girii\u015f<\/h2>\n

Toplumumuz giderek daha fazla teknoloji odakl\u0131 hale geldik\u00e7e, \u00e7e\u015fitli bireyler ve i\u015fletmeler belirli g\u00f6revleri veya i\u015flevleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in programlama dillerini kullanmaktad\u0131r. Bilgisayar kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 sosyal medya veya e-posta gibi hizmetlerle etkile\u015fim kurdu\u011funda, bu g\u00f6revleri tamamlamak i\u00e7in bir programlama dilinden kod (genellikle komutlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk programlama dili<\/h2>\n

Bilgisayar\u0131n icad\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, 1843 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk programlama dili, ilk kad\u0131n matematik\u00e7ilerden biri olan Ada Lovelace taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131. O zamandan beri programlama dilleri \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler kaydetti, ancak bu \u015f\u00fcphesiz programlama dillerinin geli\u015fiminde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Programlama dillerinin evriminde tarihi kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Programlama dilleri, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde rutin teknolojik g\u00f6revleri tamamlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z insan taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir kodun icad\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nce var olmu\u015ftur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, programlama dillerinin geli\u015fiminde ilginizi \u00e7ekebilecek baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli olaylar yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1843'te Ada Lovelace taraf\u0131ndan makine algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131n icad\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u0130lk bilgisayar algoritmas\u0131 1843 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ada Lovelace taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. \u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki, bu algoritman\u0131n tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 makineyi Charles Babbage tasarlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Konrad Zuse, 1940'larda Plankalkul \u015firketini kurdu<\/h2>\n

Konrad Zuse, 1940'larda Plankalkul programlama dilini geli\u015ftirdi. Bu, geli\u015ftirilen ilk \u00fcst d\u00fczey bilgisayar programlama diliydi ve m\u00fchendislerin temel g\u00f6revleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok kodlama dizisi i\u00e7eriyordu.<\/p>\n

1949 \u2013 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz kodlamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olan Assembly dili yarat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Assembly dilini kullanan ilk bilgisayar, 1949 tarihli Elektronik Gecikmeli Depolama Otomatik Hesap Makinesi'ydi. Assembly dili, i\u015flemciler i\u00e7in talimat yazmak \u00fczere makine kodunu basitle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeli bir programlama dilidir. Bu, modern bilgisayarlar\u0131n 1949 bilgisayarlar\u0131na g\u00f6re programlanmas\u0131n\u0131n daha kolay oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa kod, John McCauley taraf\u0131ndan 1949'da ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak BINAC ve UNIVAC bilgisayarlar\u0131n\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla 1949 ve 1950 y\u0131llar\u0131nda W. Schmitt taraf\u0131ndan uygulamaya konulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

1952 y\u0131l\u0131nda Autocode ilk derlenen programlama dili oldu.<\/h2>\n

1952'de Alic Glennie, bir programlama dili k\u00fcmesini ifade etmek i\u00e7in "Autocode" terimini ortaya att\u0131. Glennie, Autocode'u esas olarak Mark 1 bilgisayar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullanan bir bilgisayar bilimcisiydi. Autocode, derleyici ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6zel bir uygulama arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla makine kodunu \u00e7evirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ilk derlenmi\u015f programlama diliydi.<\/p>\n

1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda John Backus FORTRAN'\u0131 yaratt\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Tarihin ilk programlama dillerinden biri olan FORTRAN, 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de kullan\u0131lmaya devam etmektedir. Bilimsel ve matematiksel problemleri \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen FORTRAN programlama dili, zaman\u0131n testinden ba\u015far\u0131yla ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1958 y\u0131l\u0131nda ALGOL ve LISP icat edildi.<\/h2>\n

1958 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki programlama dili ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: Algoritmik Dil (ALGOL) ve Liste Programlama Dili (LISP). Amerikal\u0131 ve Avrupal\u0131 bilgisayar bilimcileri bir araya gelerek C, C++, Java ve Pascal gibi pop\u00fcler programlama dillerinin k\u00f6keni oldu\u011funa inan\u0131lan ALGOL'u olu\u015fturdular.<\/p>\n

McCarthy, yapay zeka programlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere LISP'i geli\u015ftirdi ve bu, hala kullan\u0131lan en eski bilgisayar programlama dillerinden biridir. Bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi ve \u015firket, Ruby veya Python gibi di\u011fer programlama dillerine k\u0131yasla LISP'i tercih etmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda Dr. Grace Murray Hopper, i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir programlama dili olan COBOL'u geli\u015ftirdi.<\/h2>\n

Dr. Grace Murray Hopper, COBOL'u 1959'da yaratt\u0131. COBOL, ilk \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc nesil programlama dili oldu ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta i\u015f uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 g\u00f6revde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 1989'da COBOL'un 100 milyondan fazla ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyordu ve bug\u00fcn hala bankac\u0131l\u0131k sistemlerinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

BASIC, 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in bir bilgisayar programlama dili olarak olu\u015fturuldu.
\n1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda Dartmouth College \u00f6\u011frencileri, Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Seviyesi Genel Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Sembolik Talimat Kodunu (BASIC) olu\u015fturdu. Bu kod, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bilgisayar becerilerine sahip olanlar i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirildi ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Paul Allen ve Bill Gates taraf\u0131ndan daha da geli\u015ftirilerek Microsoft'un ticari olarak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ilk \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc haline getirildi.<\/p>\n

1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda Niklaus Wirth taraf\u0131ndan PASCAL uygulamaya konuldu<\/h2>\n

Niklaus Wirth, ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc matematik\u00e7i Blaise Pascal'dan alan PASCAL'\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n programlama dillerini \u00f6\u011frenmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in tasarlanan bu algoritma, basit ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r s\u00fcreci sayesinde Apple taraf\u0131ndan benimsenen \u00f6nc\u00fc \u015firketlerden biriydi.<\/p>\n

Smalltalk, SQL ve C 1972'de do\u011fdu.<\/h2>\n

Smalltalk dili, programc\u0131lar\u0131n programlama dillerini geli\u015ftirmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131 ve olu\u015fturuldu; bunun sonucunda Java, Python ve Ruby gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli programlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dennis Ritchie, C'yi geli\u015ftirdi ve ona B'den t\u00fcretilmi\u015f bir dil oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu ismi verdi. C'yi hala kullanan \u00fcnl\u00fc teknoloji \u015firketleri aras\u0131nda Apple, Google ve Facebook yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Donald Chamberlain ve Raymond Boyce, \u00f6nemli bilgisayar verilerini d\u00fczenlemeye ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir sorgu dili olan SQL'i geli\u015ftirdiler. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Microsoft ve Accenture gibi bir\u00e7ok \u015firket SQL kullanmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Jean Ichebia, Ada'y\u0131 1980'lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Jean Echebia taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lan Ada, ad\u0131n\u0131 bilgisayar dillerini kullanan ilk ki\u015fiden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ada, Bel\u00e7ika, Avustralya ve Almanya dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00fclkede hava trafi\u011fini d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir programlama dilidir.<\/p>\n

C++ ve Objective-C, C++'\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Bjarne Stroustrup adl\u0131 bir C programc\u0131s\u0131, programlama dilini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek 1983'te C++ olarak piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, \u015fablonlar, s\u0131n\u0131flar ve sanal i\u015fler gibi yeni \u00f6zellikler getirdi. C++, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda en iyi programlama dillerinden biri olarak da \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi. Microsoft Office, PlayStation ve Nintendo 64 gibi oyun platformlar\u0131, Adobe Photoshop ve di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok program C++ kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Objective-C, 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tom Law ve Brad Cox taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi ve o zamandan beri iOS ve macOS dahil olmak \u00fczere Apple platformlar\u0131 i\u00e7in temel programlama dili oldu.<\/p>\n

1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda Larry Wall Perl programlama dilini geli\u015ftirdi.<\/h2>\n

Larry Wall, Perl'i ilk olarak 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda olu\u015fturdu. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bir metin d\u00fczenleyicisiydi, ancak Perl art\u0131k veritaban\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131, g\u00f6rsel uygulamalar, a\u011f uygulamalar\u0131 ve daha fazlas\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 end\u00fcstri ve sekt\u00f6rde \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flevler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Haskell ilk olarak 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu.<\/h2>\n

Haskell, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc matematik\u00e7i Haskell Brooks Curry'den alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu programlama dili genellikle matematiksel i\u015flemler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda video oyunlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Visual Basic ve Python 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda yarat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Microsoft, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n komut dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda s\u00fcr\u00fckleyip b\u0131rakmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda Visual Basic'i geli\u015ftirdi. Bireyler ve i\u015fletmeler, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fclerden se\u00e7im yapabilir ve Visual Basic ile \u00e7e\u015fitli kodlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirler.<\/p>\n

Python, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan programlama dillerinden biridir. Guido Van Rossum taraf\u0131ndan 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda farkl\u0131 programlama stillerine alternatif olarak kurulmu\u015ftur. Yahoo, Spotify ve Google, bu yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131n olarak kullanmaya devam eden ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u015firketlerden sadece birka\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yukihiro Matsumoto Ruby'yi yaratt\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Ruby ilk olarak 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yukihiro Matsumoto taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Web uygulamalar\u0131 programlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan Ruby, Perl, Smalltalk ve Lisp gibi bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 dile dayanmaktad\u0131r. Hulu, Groupon ve Twitter gibi markalar s\u0131kl\u0131kla Ruby kullanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Java, JavaScript ve PHP ilk olarak 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Mevcut en iyi programlama dillerinden biri Java'd\u0131r. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda James Gosling taraf\u0131ndan etkile\u015fimli televizyon i\u00e7in bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m projesi i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde mobil cihazlarda ve bilgisayarlarda hala olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fclerdir. JavaScript ise 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda Brendan Eich taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen bir di\u011fer harika programlama dilidir. \u00c7o\u011funlukla Gmail ve Adobe Photoshop gibi web sitelerinde programlama dili olarak kullan\u0131lsa da, web sayfalar\u0131 veya PDF dosyalar\u0131 (di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra) olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

PHP ilk olarak 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Amac\u0131, bireylerin ve \u015firketlerin web sitelerini olu\u015fturmalar\u0131na ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakt\u0131r. Bu, ki\u015fisel ana sayfam\u0131z, Facebook, Wikipedia ve daha bir\u00e7ok siteyi i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

C# derleyicisi 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda olu\u015fturuldu.<\/h2>\n

Microsoft, C++'\u0131n baz\u0131 avantajlar\u0131n\u0131 Visual Basic'in i\u015flevselli\u011fiyle birle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda C#'yi geli\u015ftirdi. Java'dan daha kolay kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011funu belirtmekte fayda var. Microsoft'un C# ile yaz\u0131lmayan ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00fcr\u00fcnleri g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda Scala kuruldu ve ard\u0131ndan 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda Groovy ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/h2>\n

Martin Odersky, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda Java ile uyumlu Scala programlama dilini geli\u015ftirdi. Android sistemiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan programc\u0131lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olan bu dil, LinkedIn, Netflix, Foursquare ve Twitter'daki geli\u015ftiriciler taraf\u0131ndan h\u00e2l\u00e2 kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Groovy, Java'dan t\u00fcretilen ve \u00fcretkenli\u011fi ve verimlili\u011fi art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir bilgisayar dilidir. Starbucks ve Craft Business Base, g\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6revlerini yerine getirmek i\u00e7in Groovy kullanan iki tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u015firkettir.<\/p>\n

Google, Go'yu 2009'da piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/h2>\n

Google, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli yaz\u0131l\u0131m sistemleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek ve y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda Go programlama dilini kullan\u0131ma sundu. Modern ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 dostu yap\u0131s\u0131, Uber, Google, Twitch ve daha bir\u00e7ok kurulu\u015f dahil olmak \u00fczere d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli kurulu\u015flar aras\u0131nda pop\u00fcler hale geldi.<\/p>\n

Apple, Swift'i 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda geli\u015ftirdi.<\/h2>\n

Yeni programlama dilleri geli\u015ftirmek kolay bir i\u015f de\u011fildir. Apple, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Objective-C, C++ ve C'yi Swift ile de\u011fi\u015ftirerek \u00f6nc\u00fcllerinden daha basit bir dil olu\u015fturdu. Swift, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n hem mobil cihazlarda hem de bilgisayarlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve genel olarak daha iyi performans g\u00f6steren uygulamalar olu\u015fturmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Hala kullan\u0131mda olan eski programlama dilleri var m\u0131?<\/h2>\n

Bir\u00e7ok bilgisayar programlama dili kullan\u0131mdan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da, bir\u00e7o\u011fu hala varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Bunlardan biri, 1953'te kullan\u0131ma sunulan ve en son 2018'de g\u00fcncellenen FORTRAN'd\u0131r. IBM taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen FORTRAN, modern bilgisayarlarla uyumlu olacak \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bir di\u011fer pop\u00fcler bilgisayar programlama dili olan COBOL ise 1959'da geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f olup, bankalar\u0131n tercih etti\u011fi dil olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz teknoloji d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda en pop\u00fcler programlama dili hangisidir?<\/h2>\n

Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde bir\u00e7ok yeni programlama dili geli\u015ftirildi. Teknolojiye olan ihtiya\u00e7 beklenenden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 artt\u0131 ve bu da daha fazla programlama diline olan talebi art\u0131rd\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde i\u015fletmeler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan en pop\u00fcler bilgisayar programlama dillerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: SQL, JavaScript, Java, .NET\/C# ve HTML\/CSS.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n

G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi, programlama dillerinin tarihi olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7 ve geli\u015fmeye devam ediyor. 1840'lardan kalma bir yaz\u0131m y\u00f6nteminin, bug\u00fcn hala kullan\u0131lan programlama dillerine nas\u0131l yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek inan\u0131lmaz. Makine kodu kullanan akademisyenlerden, s\u00fcper bilgisayarlarda \u00fcst d\u00fczey, insan taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir kod kullanan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketlere evrildiler. Ve \u015fimdi, bilgisayar programlaman\u0131n geli\u015fmeye ve baz\u0131lar\u0131 dil tarihinin en iyileri aras\u0131nda say\u0131lan yeni dillere evrilmeye devam etmesi bekleniyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Giri\u015f Toplumumuz teknolojiyle giderek daha fazla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, programlama dilleri\u2026","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskeywords":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"193","footnotes":""},"categories":[193,266,363],"tags":[366],"class_list":{"0":"post-15585","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tutorials","8":"category-news","9":"category-programming","10":"tag-366"},"yoast_head":"\n\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc - 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