{"id":14102,"date":"2023-12-12T19:57:51","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T16:27:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itpiran.net\/blog\/?p=14102"},"modified":"2025-04-08T21:19:44","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T17:49:44","slug":"how-do-i-change-the-root-password-via-the-rescue-system-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/ru\/security\/how-do-i-change-the-root-password-via-the-rescue-system-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c root \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (Linux)?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c root \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (Linux)?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c root \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 Rescue System, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n

1.) \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (Rescue Mode) \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u201c\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u201d (Start Rescue Mode). \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (ZKM).<\/p>\n

2.) \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 SSH-\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0432 Windows \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u201cPutty\u201d).<\/p>\n

3.) \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e SSH \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b (\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b):<\/p>\n

\n
fdisk -l\r\n# \u06cc\u0627\r\nparted -l<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b, \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e RAID (\/dev\/sda1 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c):<\/p>\n
\n
mount\u00a0 \/dev\/sda1\u00a0 \/mnt<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u0421 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c RAID (\/dev\/md0 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f):<\/p>\n
\n
mount \/dev\/md0 \/mnt<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
4) \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d, \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u201cprocfs\u201d \u0438 \u201cdevfs\u201d:<\/p>\n
\n
mount -o bind \/dev \/mnt\/dev\r\nmount -t proc \/proc \/mnt\/proc<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
5.) \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u201cchroot\u201d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n
\n
chroot \/mnt \/bin\/bash<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
6.) \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e passwd:<\/p>\n
\n
passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/strong> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f Linux \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n
7.) \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b:<\/p>\n
\n
exit<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u0412\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e:<\/p>\n
\n
cd \/<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438:<\/p>\n
\n
umount\u00a0 \/mnt\/proc\r\numount\u00a0 \/mnt\/dev\r\numount\u00a0 \/mnt<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
8.) \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (ZKM) \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n
9.) \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 SSH.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c root \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (Linux)? \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c root\u2026","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14301,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 rescue \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 root \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 Rescue System \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskeywords":"[]","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"324","footnotes":""},"categories":[324,204],"tags":[358,388,387],"class_list":{"0":"post-14102","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-security","8":"category-servers","9":"tag-linux","10":"tag-password","11":"tag-rescue"},"yoast_head":"\n\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647 (root) \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633) \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645\u061f - \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af ITPiran<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u06af\u0631 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