{"id":16379,"date":"2024-11-16T21:44:35","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T18:14:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/?p=16379"},"modified":"2024-11-16T21:44:35","modified_gmt":"2024-11-16T18:14:35","slug":"brief-history-of-linuxintroduction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/ja\/tutorials\/brief-history-of-linuxintroduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u306e\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u6b74\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d9%87\">\u5c0e\u5165<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u300cLinux\u300d\u306f\u3001Linux\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u4e0a\u306b\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3088\u308a\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001Linux\u306f\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001Linux\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3001GNU\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3084\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30d0\u30a4\u30eb\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\u306bLinux\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u958b\u767a\u8005\u304c\u5897\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u4e0a\u3067\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308bChromebook\u306a\u3069\u306e\u624b\u9803\u306a\u4fa1\u683c\u306e\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001Linux\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30af\u30e9\u30a6\u30c9\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3084\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u74b0\u5883\u5168\u822c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001Linux\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u904b\u7528\u4e0a\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304b\u3089\u4eba\u6c17\u306e\u3042\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6700\u65b0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u3053\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u4e0a\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3068\u4e26\u884c\u3057\u3066\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059 (\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u958b\u767a\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306f\u4fbf\u5229\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u3059)\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u96c6\u4e2d\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u8981\u4ef6\u306f\u4f4e\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u958b\u767a\u8005\u304c\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30df\u30f3\u30b0 \u30a8\u30b3\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3068\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u4e92\u63db\u6027\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b Linux \u304c\u6700\u521d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Linux \u306f\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9 \u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u904b\u52d5\u306b\u3082\u6839\u3056\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306f\u502b\u7406\u7684\u304a\u3088\u3073\u904b\u7528\u4e0a\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304b\u3089 Linux \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001Linux \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3 \u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3078\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>Linux \u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306f\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3082\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306f\u8cea\u554f\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u306a\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u30fc\u306e 1 \u4eba\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u554f\u3044\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u958b\u767a\u8005\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3 (\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u5730\u57df) \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b Linux \u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001Unix \u307e\u3067\u306e Linux \u306e\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u6982\u8aac\u3057\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a Linux \u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b4%d9%87%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%db%8c%da%a9%d8%b3\">Unix\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c4<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u306f\u3001\u5805\u7262\u306a\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc \u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3057\u305f 2 \u3064\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3001Unix \u3068 Multix \u306b\u30eb\u30fc\u30c4\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d8%a2%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%b2-%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%db%8c%da%a9%d8%b3\">Unix\u306e\u59cb\u307e\u308a<\/h2>\n<p>Unix\u306f\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30b5\u30a4\u30a8\u30f3\u30b9\u7814\u7a76\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306eMultix\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d9\u30eb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3067Multix\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305f\u958b\u767a\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u968e\u5c64\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u3001\u52d5\u7684\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\uff08\u5b9f\u884c\u4e2d\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u7a7a\u9593\u3078\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3092\u4f9d\u983c\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u968e\u5c64\u578b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u5099\u3048\u305f\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u5bc4\u305b\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u30d9\u30eb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306f1969\u5e74\u306bMultix\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3078\u306e\u8cc7\u91d1\u63d0\u4f9b\u3092\u505c\u6b62\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30b1\u30f3\u30fb\u30c8\u30f3\u30d7\u30bd\u30f3\u3084\u30c7\u30cb\u30b9\u30fb\u30ea\u30c3\u30c1\u30fc\u3092\u542b\u3080\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u5f53\u521d\u306e\u539f\u7406\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u7d9a\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u30021972\u5e74\u304b\u308973\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092C\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u66f8\u304d\u76f4\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308aUnix\u306f\u4ed6\u306b\u985e\u3092\u898b\u306a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u306e\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001Unix\u306f\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u304b\u3089\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u7a3c\u50cd\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08\u5f8c\u306eAT&amp;T\uff09\u3067\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u3001Unix Systems Labs\u306f\u30b5\u30f3\u30fb\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30ba\u3068\u5171\u540c\u3067Unix\u306e\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u5546\u7528Unix\u30d9\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u306b\u5e83\u304f\u63a1\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u5b66\u754c\u3001\u7279\u306b\u30ab\u30ea\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30cb\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u30d0\u30fc\u30af\u30ec\u30fc\u6821\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u7814\u7a76\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u7d9a\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306fBerkeley Software Distribution\uff08BSD\uff09\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4eca\u65e5\u3067\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u306aBSD\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001NeXT\u304c\u958b\u767a\u3057\u305fNeXTStep\uff08macOS\u306a\u3069\u306e\u88fd\u54c1\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\uff09\u3068\u3001\u30ea\u30fc\u30ca\u30b9\u30fb\u30c8\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30ba\u304cLinux\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6559\u80b2\u7528\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0MINIX\u306e2\u3064\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"%d9%88%db%8c%da%98%da%af%db%8c%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%da%a9%d9%84%db%8c%d8%af%db%8c-%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%db%8c%da%a9%d8%b3\">Unix\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h5>\n<p>Unix \u306f\u3001\u660e\u77ad\u6027\u3001\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u3001\u4e26\u884c\u6027\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306b\u91cd\u70b9\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u6c7a\uff1a<\/strong> Unix\u306e\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u304b\u3064\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u968e\u5c64\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u7c21\u7d20\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002Unix\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u524d\u306eOS\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6570\u767e\uff08\u6570\u5343\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\uff09\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u304b\u3064\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u643a\u5e2f\u6027:<\/strong> \u30d9\u30eb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u306f\u3001Unix\u3092C\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001Unix\u306e\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u5229\u7528\u3068\u63a1\u7528\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u6e96\u5099\u3092\u6574\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002C\u8a00\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u6d45\u3044\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306e\u30e9\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u8a00\u8a9e\u3068\u6a5f\u68b0\u8a9e\u547d\u4ee4\u9593\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002Unix\u304cC\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u9069\u5fdc\u6027\u306b\u512a\u308c\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u4e0a\u3067\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u540c\u671f:<\/strong> Unix\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff08Multix\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3068\u306e\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff09\u7279\u5225\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002Unix\u306e\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u7a7a\u9593\u306f\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u7a7a\u9593\u3068\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%d8%aa%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\">Linux\u306e\u9032\u5316<\/h2>\n<p>Unix\u306f\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3092\u63d0\u8d77\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u521d\u671f\u306e\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30d7\u30ed\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30a8\u30bf\u30ea\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001Unix\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6b21\u306e\u7ae0\u306f\u3001\u958b\u767a\u8005\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u5185\u3067\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u53cd\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u3001\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u3067\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u8a9e\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d8%a2%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b2\">\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u5b9f\u9a13<\/h2>\n<p>\u30ea\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u306f\u3001Unix\u306b\u4ee3\u308f\u308b\u975e\u72ec\u5360\u7684\u306a\u4ee3\u66ff\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u610f\u6b32\u3092\u71c3\u3084\u3057\u305f\u958b\u767a\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002MIT\u4eba\u5de5\u77e5\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306b\u52e4\u52d9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u5f7c\u306f\u3001GNU\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\uff08\u300cGNU\u306fUnix\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\uff01\u300d\u306e\u7565\uff09\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u30011984\u5e74\u306b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3092\u96e2\u308c\u3001GNU\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u914d\u5e03\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002GNU HURD\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308bGNU\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306f\u30011985\u5e74\u306b\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u304c\u7387\u3044\u308b\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u8ca1\u56e3\uff08FSF\uff09\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u5225\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u304cUnix\u306e\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u306a\u4ee3\u66ff\u6848\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d5\u30a3\u30f3\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u30ea\u30fc\u30ca\u30b9\u30fb\u30c8\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002MINIX\u30e9\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u4e0d\u6e80\u3092\u62b1\u3044\u305f\u30c8\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30ba\u306f\u30011991\u5e748\u670825\u65e5\u306bMINIX\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001MINIX\u306b\u4f3c\u305f\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u958b\u767a\u4e2d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u767a\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u521d\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306fGNU C\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30e9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066MINIX\u4e0a\u3067\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001Linux\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306f\u6025\u901f\u306b\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3078\u3068\u6210\u9577\u3057\u30011994\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u958b\u767a\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f31.0\u304c\u30ea\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%88%db%8c%da%98%da%af%db%8c%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%da%a9%d9%84%db%8c%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\">Linux\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306f Unix \u306e\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u591a\u304f\u3092\u7d99\u627f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u70b9\u3067\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u3068\u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001Linux\u306fGNU\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u3067\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306fGNU General Public License\uff08FSF\u306b\u3088\u308bGNU\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u6210\u679c\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u30e9\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u30b9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3068\u6539\u5909\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002GPL\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6d3e\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\u306f\u5143\u306e\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u30b9\u6761\u9805\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>Linux \u306f Unix \u306b\u4f3c\u305f\u30e2\u30ce\u30ea\u30b7\u30c3\u30af \u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3092\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb \u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30a2\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u3053\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306e Unix \u5b9f\u88c5\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30c3\u30b5 (SMP) \u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306f\u4e88\u6e2c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304c Unix \u3068\u306e\u3082\u3046 1 \u3064\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306f\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u3068\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002.<\/li>\n<li>\u3053\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u306f\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9 \u30e9\u30a4\u30f3 \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9 (CLI) \u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u30ab\u30eb \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9 (GUI) \u3082\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 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