{"id":14562,"date":"2024-01-09T12:24:50","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T08:54:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/?p=14562"},"modified":"2024-01-10T10:11:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-10T06:41:16","slug":"setup-ubuntu-20-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/ja\/tutorials\/setup-ubuntu-20-04\/","title":{"rendered":"Ubuntu 20.04 \u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5c0e\u5165<\/h2>\n

\u3053\u306e\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001Ubuntu\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u5b66\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002\u975eroot\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u3001SSH\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3001root\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u306a\u3069\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n

\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d71 \u2013 \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n

\u65b0\u3057\u3044 Ubuntu 20.04 \u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b root \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
ssh root@10.0.0.1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u3059\u3067\u306b SSH \u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306b\u305d\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3092\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
ssh -i \/path\/to\/ssh\/key root@10.0.0.1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d72 \u2013 \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u975e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
root\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u63a8\u5968\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u975eroot\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u5f8c\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
root@10.0.0.1:~$ adduser holu\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u5165\u529b\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305a\u3001\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306f\u3001 \u5165\u529b<\/code> \u57cb\u3081\u308b\u304b\u62d2\u5426\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d73 \u2013 \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092sudo\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306b\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u30a2\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u6a29\u9650\u3057\u304b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u6a29\u9650\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u975eroot\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7ba1\u7406\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092sudo\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d root \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
root@10.0.0.1:~$ usermod -aG sudo holu\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d74 \u2013 \u65b0\u898f\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/h2>\n
\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067 root \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304b\u3089\u30ed\u30b0\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
root@10.0.0.1:~$ exit\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3067\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
ssh holu@10.0.0.1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u975e root \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u524d\u306b sudo \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d75 \u2013 \u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
\u975e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\u3001 ufw <\/code>\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d75.1 \u2013 \u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b<\/h5>\n
\u307e\u305a\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u767b\u9332\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
holu@10.0.0.1:~$ sudo ufw app list\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u51fa\u529b\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059:<\/p>\n
\n
Available applications:\r\nOpenSSH<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d75.2 \u2013 OpenSSH\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3059\u308b<\/h5>\n
\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f SSH \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b SSH \u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
holu@10.0.0.1:~$ sudo ufw allow OpenSSH\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d75.3 \u2013 \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b<\/h5>\n
\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u304c SSH \u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
holu@10.0.0.1:~$ sudo ufw enable\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
holu@10.0.0.1:~$ ufw status\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Status: active<\/code>To                         Action      From\r\n--                         ------      ----\r\nOpenSSH                    ALLOW       Anywhere\r\nOpenSSH (<\/span>v6)<\/span>               ALLOW       Anywhere (<\/span>v6)<\/span><\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u306f SSH \u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d76 \u2013 SSH\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306b SSH \u30ad\u30fc \u30da\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u516c\u958b\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
cat ~\/.ssh\/ssh_key.pub | ssh holu@10.0.0.1 \"mkdir -p ~\/.ssh && chmod 700 ~\/.ssh && cat >> ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys && chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
    \n
  • ~\/.ssh\/ssh_key.pub<\/code>SSH \u516c\u958b\u30ad\u30fc\u3078\u306e\u30d1\u30b9\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n
  • \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f <\/code>\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n
  • 10.0.0.1 \u3092\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e IP \u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d77 \u2013 sshd\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u7de8\u96c6\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
    \u3055\u3066\u3001 SSH <\/code>\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3053\u308c\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3068 root \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc \u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
    \u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code> \u7de8\u96c6\u5185\u5bb9:<\/p>\n
    \n
    holu@10.0.0.1:~$ sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d77.1 \u2013 \u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b<\/h5>\n
    \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u6b21\u306e\u884c\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    PasswordAuthentication yes\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u3053\u308c\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u884c\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    PasswordAuthentication no\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d77.2 \u2013 \u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b<\/h5>\n
    \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u6b21\u306e\u884c\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    PermitRootLogin yes\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u3053\u308c\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u884c\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/p>\n
    \n
    PermitRootLogin no\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d77.3 \u2013 sshd\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3092\u518d\u8d77\u52d5\u3059\u308b<\/h5>\n
    \u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u30a8\u30c7\u30a3\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u9589\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
    \u6b21\u306b\u3001sshd \u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3092\u518d\u8d77\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    holu@10.0.0.1:~$ sudo systemctl restart ssh\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d78 \u2013 SSH\u69cb\u6210\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\uff08\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09<\/h2>\n
    \u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306bSSH\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306bSSH\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
    \u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3067\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    sudo nano ~\/.ssh\/config\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u6b21\u306b\u3001SSH \u30ad\u30fc\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    HOST 10.0.0.1\r\nIdentityFile ~\/.ssh\/SSH-key<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    \u3053\u308c\u3067\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044 SSH \u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n
    \u7d50\u679c<\/h2>\n
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