{"id":16521,"date":"2024-12-15T01:17:53","date_gmt":"2024-12-14T21:47:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/?p=16521"},"modified":"2024-12-15T01:17:53","modified_gmt":"2024-12-14T21:47:53","slug":"how-to-connect-mongodb-with-node-js-using-mongoose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/en\/tutorials\/how-to-connect-mongodb-with-node-js-using-mongoose\/","title":{"rendered":"How to connect MongoDB to NODE.JS using MONGOOSE?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/h2>\n

MongoDB is the most popular NoSQL database\u2014MongoDB stores data in collections. The individual records in the collection are called documents, which have a key-value structure similar to JSON data. MongoDB is preferred for its performance, flexibility, and scalability features.<\/p>\n

What is a mongoose?<\/h2>\n

Mongoose is a promise-based object data modeling (ODM) library for the Node.js framework. Mongoose simplifies the way you interact with the MongoDB database. It allows you to create and model MongoDB schemas. This saves you from having to write complex database queries\/schemas. Mongoose allows you to model the data you want to store in MongoDB.
\nThis guide will help you understand how to connect MongoDB to Node.js using Mongoose.<\/p>\n

Prerequisite:<\/h5>\n

To follow this guide, make sure you have Node.js installed on your computer. MongoDB is installed on your computer or set up on a MongoDB Atlas cloud account. Basic knowledge of creating Node.js servers. Postman is installed. Setting up a Node.js Mongoose project To create a Node.js project, go to your desired folder and run npm init -y . Then install the following packages: Express \u2014 to create a Node.js HTTP server. Mongoose \u2014 an ODM for MongoDB in Node.js.<\/p>\n

\n
npm install mongoose --save\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Communicating with Mongoose and MongoDB in Node.js To communicate with Mongoose using Mongoose, create a file called db.js and configure the Mongoose connection as follows:<\/p>\n
Import the Mongoose library:<\/h2>\n
\n
const connectDB = async () => {\r\ntry {\r\nconst conn = await mongoose.connect(`mongodb:\/\/localhost:27017\/test`, {\r\nuseNewUrlParser: true,\r\n});\r\nconsole.log(`MongoDB Connected: {conn.connection.host}`);\r\n} catch (error) {\r\nconsole.error(error.message);\r\nprocess.exit(1);\r\n}\r\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
The MongoDB used here is running locally. So, Mongoose creates a connection to where is the name of your database. Make sure to enter the correct URI that connects to your local MongoDB installation or the MongoDB Atlas cloud.mongodb:\/\/localhost:27017test.<\/p>\n
Finally, export the connectDB function:<\/p>\n
\n
module.exports = connectDB;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
State and import the db.js file:<\/p>\n
\n
const express = require('express');\r\nconst connectDB = require('.\/db'); <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Add the Express middleware and parser:<\/p>\n
\n
\/\/ express\r\nconst app = express();\r\n\/\/body parser\r\napp.use(express.json());<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Run the connectDB() function:<\/p>\n
\n
\/\/connect to database\r\nconnectDB();<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Add server root:<\/p>\n
\n
\/\/ routes\r\n\/\/ We will add these routes later in this guide.<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Run the program on the localhost port:<\/p>\n
\n
onst PORT = process.env.PORT || 5000;\r\napp.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`Server running on port {PORT}`));<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Model a Schema using Mongoose<\/h2>\n
A model defines a collection schema in a MongoDB database. Create a model.js file and a Mongoose collection schema as follows:<\/p>\n
\n
const {\r\nSchema,\r\nmodel\r\n} = require(\"mongoose\");\r\nconst MySchema = new Schema({\r\nname: {\r\ntype: String,\r\nrequired: true,\r\nmaxlength: 50\r\n},\r\ncreatedAt: {\r\ntype: Date,\r\ndefault: Date.now,\r\n},\r\n});\r\nconst TaskModel = model(\"test\", MySchema)\r\nmodule.exports = TaskModel<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Here, we create a function MySchema that executes the mongoose.Schema method. This method sets up the schema that Mongoose runs on MongoDB. To create the schema, add the files to your document. In this case, we add two fields:
\nA name \u2013 Within the code above, this field is created as a string with a maximum length of fifty characters. Required is set to true to indicate that every document must contain this field.
\nA createAt field \u2014 specifies the time the document was created. It defaults to the current date as the created date type.<\/p>\n
Add data to the database using the Mongoose schema:<\/p>\n
To add data to the database, create a controller.js file.
\nImport MySchema from model file const Task = require('.\/model');
\nAdd a task to the task set. This specifies the POST path.<\/p>\n
\n
exports.createTask = async (req, res) => {\r\ntry {\r\n\/\/ get the task from the body\r\nconst taskData = await req.body;\r\n\/\/create a new task then save\r\nawait Task.create(taskData)\r\n.then((createdTask) => {\r\nif (!createdTask) return res.status(404)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nmessage: \"Task creation failed\",\r\nerror: \"Unable get created task\"\r\n})\r\nres.status(201)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: true,\r\ncreatedTask\r\n})\r\n})\r\n.catch((error) => {\r\nres.status(404)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nerror: error.message\r\n})\r\n})\r\n} catch (error) {\r\nres.status(500)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nmessage: \"Internal server error\"\r\n})\r\n}\r\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Recover all tasks:<\/h2>\n
Add this code to the controller.js file. This specifies the GET route.<\/p>\n
\n
exports.createTask = async (req, res) => {\r\ntry {\r\n\/\/ get the task from the body\r\nconst taskData = await req.body;\r\n\/\/create a new task then save\r\nawait Task.create(taskData)\r\n.then((createdTask) => {\r\nif (!createdTask) return res.status(404)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nmessage: \"Task creation failed\",\r\nerror: \"Unable get created task\"\r\n})\r\nres.status(201)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: true,\r\ncreatedTask\r\n})\r\n})\r\n.catch((error) => {\r\nres.status(404)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nerror: error.message\r\n})\r\n})\r\n} catch (error) {\r\nres.status(500)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nmessage: \"Internal server error\"\r\n})\r\n}\r\n}\r\nexports.getTasks = async (req, res) => {\r\n\/\/get all the data in the model and return it as response\r\ntry {\r\nTask.find()\r\n.then((allTasks) => {\r\nres.status(200)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: true,\r\nallTasks\r\n})\r\n})\r\n.catch((error) => {\r\nres.status(404)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nmessage: \"Cant fined \",\r\nerror\r\n})\r\n})\r\n} catch (error) {\r\nres.status(500)\r\n.json({\r\nsuccess: false,\r\nmessage: \"Internal server error\",\r\nerror: error.message\r\n})\r\n}\r\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Create route:<\/h2>\n
Create a route to run the above controllers. Create a new file and call it routes.js and add the following code:<\/p>\n
\n
const router = require(\"express\")\r\n.Router()\r\nconst controller = require('.\/controller')\r\nrouter\r\n.post('\/', controller.createTask)\r\n.get('\/', controller.getTasks)\r\nmodule.exports = router<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Finally, run these routes inside the server.js file.<\/p>\n
\n
const router = require('.\/routes')\r\napp.use('\/tasks', router)<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
To add a new task, send a POST request using Postman as follows:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
To retrieve the added tasks, send a GET request using Postman as follows:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
You can see the added tasks by accessing your MongoDB database:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Introduction MongoDB is the most popular NoSQL database\u2014MongoDB stores data in collections. 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