{"id":14763,"date":"2024-02-19T13:22:21","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T09:52:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/?p=14763"},"modified":"2024-02-19T13:22:21","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T09:52:21","slug":"how-to-remote-mysql-server-with-pvt-net","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.itpiran.net\/blog\/de\/tutorials\/how-to-remote-mysql-server-with-pvt-net\/","title":{"rendered":"Sichere Nutzung eines entfernten MySQL-Servers in einem privaten Hetzner Cloud-Netzwerk"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d9%87\">Einf\u00fchrung<\/h2>\n<p>Dieses Tutorial erkl\u00e4rt, wie man mit Hetzner Cloud Networks auf eine MySQL-Datenbank zugreift, die auf einem Cloud-Server (MySQL Server) verwaltet wird, und zwar von einem zweiten Cloud-Server (MySQL Client).<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"%d9%be%db%8c%d8%b4-%d9%86%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%87%d8%a7\">Voraussetzungen<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>1 Hetzner Cloud-Server mit bereits installiertem MySQL.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sie k\u00f6nnen MySQL manuell installieren oder einfach beim Erstellen des Servers den \u201cLAMP Stack\u201d ausw\u00e4hlen.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%87-1-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b4%d8%a8%da%a9%d9%87-%d8%ae%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%b5%db%8c-%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%da%a9%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af\"><img  loading=\"lazy\"  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  width=\"800\"  height=\"352\"  class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14764 size-full pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app.png\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app.png 800w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-768x338.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-110x48.png 110w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-200x88.png 200w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-380x167.png 380w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-255x112.png 255w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113342\/lamp-stack-app-550x242.png 550w\" ><br \/>\nSchritt 1 \u2013 Ein privates Netzwerk erstellen<\/h2>\n<p>Erstellen Sie Ihr privates Netzwerk im Rahmen Ihres Hetzner Cloud-Projekts in der Region, die Sie verwenden m\u00f6chten.<\/p>\n<p><img  loading=\"lazy\"  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  width=\"800\"  height=\"433\"  class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14765 size-full pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network.png\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network.png 800w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-768x416.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-110x60.png 110w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-200x108.png 200w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-380x206.png 380w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-255x138.png 255w, https:\/\/cdn.itpiran.net\/2024\/02\/19113517\/create-network-550x298.png 550w\" ><br \/>\nBeachten Sie, dass der Standard-IP-Adressbereich auf 10.0.0.0\/16 eingestellt ist.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%87-2-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d9%87-%d8%b4%d8%a8%da%a9%d9%87-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%84-%da%a9%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af\">Schritt 2 \u2013 Verbinden Sie den Server mit dem Netzwerk<\/h2>\n<p>Jetzt k\u00f6nnen Sie den MySQL-Server mit dem neuen Netzwerk verbinden. Dies k\u00f6nnen Sie \u00fcber die Cloud Console oder das entsprechende Tool tun. <code>hcloud<\/code> Mach es.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>hcloud server attach-to-network &lt;your-server-name&gt; --network &lt;your-network-name&gt; --ip &lt;pvt-ip&gt;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Der letzte Teil mit <code>--ip<\/code>; Optional. Wenn Sie keine bestimmte private IP-Adresse angeben, weist Ihnen das Hetzner Cloud-System automatisch eine kostenlose private IP-Adresse zu.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%87-3-%d9%be%db%8c%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d8%ba%db%8c%db%8c%d8%b1-%d8%af%d9%87%db%8c%d8%af\">Schritt 3 \u2013 MySQL-Konfiguration \u00e4ndern<\/h2>\n<p>Um von einem anderen Rechner auf MySQL zuzugreifen, m\u00fcssen Sie eine \u00c4nderung an der Datei vornehmen. <code>\/etc\/mysql\/mysql.conf.d\/mysqld.cnf<\/code> Erstellen.<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"%d9%81%d8%a7%db%8c%d9%84-mysqld-cnf-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%da%a9%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af\">Datei <code>mysqld.cnf<\/code> Bearbeiten<\/h5>\n<p>Um die MySQL-Konfigurationsdatei zu \u00f6ffnen, verwenden Sie folgenden Befehl:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>nano \/etc\/mysql\/mysql.conf.d\/mysqld.cnf\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Parameter <code>Bindungsadresse<\/code> aus <code>127.0.0.1<\/code> Zu <code>0.0.0.0<\/code> \u00c4ndern.<\/p>\n<p>Wenn Sie MySQL \u00fcber das \u201cLAMP Stack\u201d-Programm installiert haben, m\u00fcssen Sie einen MySQL-Port angeben (standardm\u00e4\u00dfig <code>3306<\/code>) unter Verwendung des Werkzeugs <code>ufw<\/code> Offen.<\/p>\n<p>Wenn Sie MySQL manuell installiert haben, m\u00fcssen Sie die Firewall mit diesem Befehl installieren: <code>apt-get <\/code><code>ufw installieren<\/code><\/p>\n<h5 id=\"%d9%81%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%da%a9%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af\">Bearbeiten Sie die Firewall.<\/h5>\n<p>Um den Port zu \u00f6ffnen <code>3306<\/code> F\u00fcgen Sie der Firewall eine Regel hinzu.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>ufw allow from 10.1.0.0\/16 to any port 3306\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><code>10.1.0.0\/16<\/code> Ersetzen Sie dies durch den Netzwerk-IP-Adressbereich, den Sie in Schritt 1 erstellt haben.<\/p>\n<p>Wenn Sie SSH verwenden, um eine Verbindung zu Ihrem Server herzustellen, sollten Sie SSH-Verbindungen auch zulassen, bevor Sie die Firewall aktivieren.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>ufw allow OpenSSH\r\nufw enable<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%87-4-%db%8c%da%a9-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-mysql-%d8%ac%d8%af%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%da%a9%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af\">Schritt 4 \u2013 Neuen MySQL-Benutzer erstellen<\/h2>\n<p>Melden Sie sich als Root-Benutzer an der MySQL-Befehlszeile an:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>mysql -u root -p\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Erstellen Sie einen neuen MySQL-Benutzer, der von nicht-lokalen Instanzen verwendet werden kann.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-sql\" data-lang=\"SQL\"><code>CREATE USER '&lt;user&gt;'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '&lt;password&gt;';\r\nGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '&lt;user&gt;'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;\r\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Vergessen Sie au\u00dferdem nicht, dass Sie nach der Bearbeitung der Datei <code>mysqld.cnf<\/code>Starten Sie MySQL neu. Um die MySQL-Befehlszeile zu beenden, geben Sie Folgendes ein: <code>STRG<\/code>+<code>D<\/code> Verwenden und f\u00fchren Sie folgenden Befehl aus:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>service mysql restart\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%87-5-%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%b4%d8%a8%da%a9%d9%87-%d8%ae%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%b5%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c\">Schritt 5 \u2013 MySQL-Zugriff im privaten Netzwerk pr\u00fcfen<\/h2>\n<p>Erstellen Sie einen neuen Server von Grund auf und verbinden Sie ihn mit demselben privaten Netzwerk.<\/p>\n<p>Installieren Sie den MySQL-Client. Sie k\u00f6nnen beispielsweise den MariaDB-Client verwenden.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>apt update apt install mariadb-client -y<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sie ben\u00f6tigen nun die private IP-Adresse des ersten Servers. In der Cloud Console k\u00f6nnen Sie Ihr Projekt ausw\u00e4hlen und zur Serverliste gehen. Dort k\u00f6nnen Sie die private IP-Adresse dieses Servers kopieren.<\/p>\n<p>Verwenden Sie diesen Befehl, um eine Verbindung zum MySQL-Host herzustellen:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-bash\" data-lang=\"Bash\"><code>mysql -h &lt;mysql-host-private-ip&gt; -u &lt;user-created-above&gt; -p<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Geben Sie dann einfach Ihr f\u00fcr den Benutzer erstelltes Passwort ein und voil\u00e0 \u2013 Sie sind angemeldet.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\">Ergebnis<\/h2>\n<p>Hier sahen Sie nur ein Beispiel daf\u00fcr, wie man unter Hetzner Cloud auf eine Datenbank in einem privaten Netzwerk zugreift.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Einleitung Dieses Tutorial erkl\u00e4rt, wie man Hetzner Cloud-Netzwerke f\u00fcr den Zugriff auf eine MySQL-Datenbank 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